Evaluation of the Title of Jane Austens Pride and...

Evaluation of the Title of Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice In Pride and Prejudice, some of the characters are distinctly associated with Pride and/or Prejudice. The definition for Pride is: those who have an excessively high opinion of themselves, while those who are believed to be prejudice prejudge people without a sufficient reason. These two themes are prominent throughout the book and are displayed through a variety of characters, including the two lovers, Elizabeth and Darcy. Darcys pride is displayed right at the beginning of the book, when he refuses to dance with Elizabeth, as she is only tolerable; but not handsome enough to tempt meà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Unlike his friend Mr Bingley, Darcy†¦show more content†¦However, despite her relatively low connections, Elizabeth refuses him, even after Mr Collins points out that she cannot be certain that another marriage proposal will ever be made to her. Mr Collins also shows characteristic of pride. Examples of this include his proposal to Elizabeth. From the start of his speech on his declaration of love for Elizabeth he is completely confident that she will accept him immediately His response to her refusal is simply that it is usual with young ladies to reject the address of the man whom they secretly mean to accept. He also assures her how he expects no financial income from her: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.and that one thousand pounds in the 4 per cents which will not be yours till after your Mothers decease, is that all you may be entitled to. He later explains to her again why he is such a good choice for her as a husband. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..my situation in life, my connections with the family of Lady De Bourgh, and my relationship to your own, are circumstances highly in my favourà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. His pride is expressed even further when he comments on her wealth for the last time: Your portion is unhappily so small that it will in all likelihood undo the effects of your loveliness and amiable qualifications. Another example of his pride is in a letter to Mr Bennett about Lydias disgrace. He cruelly suggestsShow MoreRelatedSocial Norms in Jane Austen ´s Pride and Prejudice1183 Words   |  5 PagesAusten’s Pride and Prejudice is well noted for its ability to question social norms. Most importantly, Austen explores the institution of marriage, as it was in her time, a time where many married for security rather than love. Her characters Elizabeth and Charlotte are renowned even more for their outspoken nature and different views on marriage. Though both Elizabeth and Charlotte yearn for a happy marriage, Charlotte has a more pragmatic and mundane approach while Elizabeth is more romantic andRead MoreReading Like A Writer By Francine Prose880 Words   |  4 PagesBlue Angel (2000); a finalist a for the National Book Award, and A Changed Man (2005) that had won the Dayton Literary Peace Prize. She has also recently written an acclaimed nonfiction Anne Frank: The Book, The Life, The Afterlife. Summary As the title already discloses Reading Like A Writer is, â€Å"A Guide for People Who Love Books and for Those Who Want to Write Them. In the first chapter, Prose already addresses the central hypothesis of the book - to be become a good writer, you must be a good readerRead MoreLiterary Devices in Pride and Prejudice8198 Words   |  33 PagesBishkek Humanities University named after K. Karasaev The Faculty of European Civilizations The English Language Department â€Å"Peculiarities of the Lexical Stylistic devices (Metaphor, metonymy, irony, simile, epithet) in the novel â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† by Jane Austen† DIPLOMA PAPER Scientific Supervisor: E. B. Jumakeeva Done by: Satarova Rahat, group: A08-2 Contents: Pages: Introduction

Comparing Albert Camus The Stranger (The Outsider) and...

Lack of Order in Albert Camus The Stranger (The Outsider) and Jean-Paul Sartres Nausea Nausea, by Jean-Paul Sartre, and The Stranger, by Albert Camus, refuse to impose order on their events by not using psychology, hierarchies, coherent narratives, or cause and effect. Nausea refuses to order its events by not inscribing them with psychology or a cause for existence, and it contrasts itself with a text by Balzac that explains its events. Nausea resists the traditional strategy of including the past to predict a characters future. It instead focuses on the succession of presents, which troubles social constructions such as stories and adventure. The Stranger resists traditional categories of order by not dividing Meursaults†¦show more content†¦. . That may well be, my dear, that may well be (48). The conversation is a disordered succession of statements, each lacking a clear justification for its content. Roquentin senses this same gratuitous existence when he holds a pebble a the seashore. He feels a sort of sweetish sickness . . . a sort of Nausea in the han ds (10-11). The pebble exists without a function or justification, and the nausea is Roquentins sense of its raw existence. Nausea chooses not to incorporate its events into a system of cause and effect by allowing their gratuitous existence. Nausea refuses to use the traditional narrative strategy of describing the past in order to predict a characters future actions. The text includes few details about the past, refusing to discuss why Anny left Roquentin or what his adventures were. By not describing the past, it avoids the traditional strategy of using past events to predict a characters future. Roquentin recalls an evening with Anny because we were desperate, she as much as I . . . [to] feel the minutes passing (57). He thinks of the night in context of the irreversibility of time, as an experience linked to his exploration of adventure (57). It does not enter because Roquentin feels guilt: he believes that leaving her that night was a good job (57). It does not probe why he got up and left without saying a word to her (57). Similarly, Roquentins adventures enter only in terms of his

Russian Media as a conveyer ideology and a tool of hegemony Free Essays

Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union, news regarding Russia’s economic and political state has been spread abroad to other countries through the work of the media. The ideas represented in the Russian media have been responsible for the perception that the acquisition of material goods is not only desirable but indispensable to life and normality. The influence of the media might be considered hegemony, which is represented by the control of one group (the media) over a larger population (the Russians). We will write a custom essay sample on Russian Media as a conveyer ideology and a tool of hegemony or any similar topic only for you Order Now This control manifests itself in the perceptions of prosperity that are held by many Russians, largely because of the glamorization of Western culture as presented in the media. Because of the influence that this perception has had over the lives of many Russians, it is often thought on the one hand that all Russians currently live their lives in abject poverty. Because many cannot currently afford the expensive things they see Westerners enjoying, they consider themselves as living at a low standard, and this perception is also passed on to the West. On the other hand, it is also believed in some circles that the pomp that can be seen in the major Russian cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg is an accurate measure of how all Russians live. This too has stemmed from the above-mentioned media hegemony and the perception of material wealth that is passed on to the public as â€Å"normal.† The media has, therefore, been responsible for bombarding consumers with such views that promote wealth and materialism as being indispensable to any successful economic society, and this has led to inaccurate perceptions of the Russian economic situation. During the Soviet Union era, Communist ideology acted as a barrier to the entrance of Western ideas and views into the minds of the Russian public. However, with the fall of Communism and the deregulation of the media, an ideological hegemony began to arise. This hegemony has been fueled by the media. As a result, Western ideas of capitalism and materialism began to mingle freely with Russian socio-economic ideology. This ideological change is evident in the attitude of Yegor Gaidar, Acting Prime Minister of Russia following the Soviet Union’s collapse. He said, â€Å"Our main goal [is] the construction in our country of a stable and, at the same time, dynamic and prosperous Western-type society† (Diligensky Chugrov, 2000, p. 14). This opinion was made public to the Russians through the media. Gaidar continued to explain that the main difference between the Russian and the Western civilizations at the time was the development of a market economy and the right of citizens to own property. At such a crucial period of change, this ideology held by the leader also found its way into the minds of the Russians via the media. Because of this, more and more Russians began to strive for the material possessions characteristic of the typical Western society (Diligensky Chugrov, 2000). It is by the hegemonic efforts of the media that these and other ideas have been placed in the minds of the Russians. The effectiveness of the media in effecting this change in the Russian perception of Western civilization has been demonstrated in public opinion polls taken by Russian citizens. The citizens of the West are generally considered by Russians to have such enviable qualities as wealth, inviolable rights to property, high compensation for labor, and talent for entrepreneurship (Diligensky Chugrov, 2000). This can even more convincingly be attributed to the effect of the media as it has been noted by Russian thinkers that the order in which these qualities are valued by Russians does not represent the true hierarchy of value given to them by Westerners. Rather, it represents the extent to which these needs are perceived as unsatisfied within the lives of the Russians. The Russian media has played the role of portraying as indispensable those Western values that correspond with areas of Russian lack, and the media has made these values â€Å"especially visible against the background of impoverishment and economic hardships in Russia† (2000, p. 19-20). Because of the sheer visibility of the way Westerners live, which is made possible by the existence of the media in all its forms, Russians have perceived it as necessary to strive for these idealistic material values. In addition, their lack of material wealth has been perceived by those who look on as evidence that the Russians live in abject poverty. The media’s hegemonic control over the minds and perceptions of Russians and Westerners alike is evident in other ways. The ideas put forth to Russians via the press (as well as via media access to programming originating in the West) have led to what has been termed the capitalist revolution. With the West as its model, Russia has evolved into a society that contains a â€Å"business elite† (Lavelle, 2004). Within this society, the rise of the business elite has led to wealthy and propertied class that has become very visible in both the Russian and Western media. These persons, who are often celebrated by the media, are seen in such personalities as business tycoon Andrei Melnichenko. He has been publicized as the person who has had a large hand in the transformation of the Moscow MDM Group into a corporation that grosses three billion dollars a year (BusinessWeek, 2002). The media broadcasts the lifestyles of these extremely wealthy Russians who have a core of senior-level employees that also enjoy the fruits of capitalism. These persons live publicly in the very affluent and expensive areas—cities, such as Moscow and St. Petersburg. These cities now boast very high costs and standards of living in a country that had been widely perceived as being filled with persons who live below the poverty line, and this is shown to the world through the media. In fact, according to a worldwide cost of living survey, St. Petersburg ranks as having the 12th highest cost of living in the world. Moscow’s reputation is even more astounding as it ranks as the world’s most expensive city, (Mercer Consulting, 2006). Despite the general Western perception of Russia as having a struggling market economy, the media is now beginning to demonstrate that Russians have been able to afford the highest living standards and costs in the world. Two major implications derive from the fact that the two major Russian cities have been ranked among the most expensive in the world. One is that the perceptions of this country generally engendered by the media are to some extent quite erroneous. Many Russians are as able to afford material goods as their Western counterparts, and poverty is not the general state of all the persons who reside in the former Soviet Union. In fact, according to business reports, Russia’s general standard of living has been on the rise in recent years. This is demonstrated by the fact that its citizens have begun to feel a higher level of security in their economic situation (BusinessWeek, 2002). While in the early 1990’s inflation rates had been in triple digit numbers, by 2002 this had fallen to a mere 17 per cent. By that time too, the stock market index had risen by 27 per cent in the year, and Russians were being reported as â€Å"starting to trust Russia [because] money is coming back† (2002, p. 13). These views are now being over-represented in Western perceptions of Russia as a way of counteracting the previous media-created perception of the poverty of Russians. However, the fact that Moscow and St. Petersburg fall among the most expensive cities hides the fact that once one leaves these highly publicized cities, one is bombarded by a stark decrease in standard of living. What is not represented now in the Western media is this exaggeration of the capitalist gap (between the very rich and the very poor). The media largely demonstrates to the Westerners the wealthy side of Russia—perhaps as a means of de-emphasizing the prevalent idea of Russians as suffering in abject poverty. The media’s hegemonic influence urges Westerners to see the affluence of the large cities without giving a wider view of the whole country. This view would demonstrate the steep decline in living standards as one leaves these economic centers. The media represents a body that to a large extent controls Russians’ and Westerners’ perceptions of how Russia’s wealth compares to that of the rest of the world. This media hegemony carries out a two-fold deception, in which all Russians were once considered by Westerners as living in abject poverty, but that now is beginning to demonstrate all Russians as being wealthy. No balance appears to have been struck between the two views, as the media fails to present an accurately proportioned view of the situation. The media also demonstrates its hegemony in its ability to coerce Russians into viewing the property of Westerners the true measure of economic success. This fact is widely considered as a reason for the biased view of the Russian situation: Russians have been found to grasp for these material things, and these possessions often hide their true areas of lack. References BusinessWeek. (2002). â€Å"Russia’s new wealth.† Business Week Online. McGraw-Hill. Retrieved   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   on March 26, 2007 Diligensky, G. S. Chugrov. (2000). â€Å"The West† in Russian mentality. North Atlantic Treaty   Ã‚   Organization. Retrieved on March 26, 2007 Lavelle, P. (2004). â€Å"Forbes’ Paul Klebnikov: a victim of political terrorism.† In the National   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Interest. July. Retrieved on March 26, 2007 Mercer Consulting. (2006). â€Å"Moscow is the world’s most expensive city while Leipzig is the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   cheapest one in Europe.† City Mayors Economics. Retrieved on March 26, 2007 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.citymayors.com/features/cost_survey.html How to cite Russian Media as a conveyer ideology and a tool of hegemony, Essay examples

Demonstrative Communication Paper free essay sample

Demonstrative Communication Paper BCOM/275 Demonstrative Communication Paper â€Å"Demonstrative communication includes nonverbal and unwritten communication and involves such things as facial expressions, tone of voice, and body language. † (University of Phoenix, 2011, Course Syllabus) Demonstrative communication supplements verbal communication in many ways. For example, when a salesman dresses smartly, and presents a friendly attitude he is saying I’m trustworthy and am offering a great deal. Demonstrative communication, as stated above, is done several ways via nonverbal action such as, a smile on a salesman’s face and his posture when presenting his wares. The facial expression would portray a positive image since he is smiling. The salesman’s tone of voice is another indicator of positive communication. The salesman’s body language is another factor when discussing demonstrative communication. The listener processes all the demonstrative communication indicators and perceives an overall positive image. If the listener perceives the salesman’s demonstrative communication as deceptive or not genuine then the image would be negative and ineffective communication would occur. We will write a custom essay sample on Demonstrative Communication Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Ineffective demonstrative communication can have many negative effects such as misunderstandings in the workplace and personal life. Often other difficulties with personnel can occur as a result of ineffective demonstrative communication. In the example above, if the salesman’s tone of voice was aggressive, loud and condescending then he would be an ineffective demonstrative communicator and not make any sales; therefore the experience the sender has is ineffective and a negative one. The sender’s demonstrative communication, in this case the salesman, would then cause himself to lose his job because he could not effectively achieve his goal of selling. Also if the sender’s ineffective demonstrative communication is carried over into his personal life he could become divorced and have no friend. Body language, a nonverbal form of communication, is a very important form of communication. For example, if a student is listening at a lecture and the speaker is not making eye contact, making wild hand gestures, jerky body movements, and their voice is cracking then the listeners would have a negative experience. The way the speaker moves, looks and reacts tells the listeners he is uncomfortable and this causes the listeners to become disinterested in the subject matter. These nonverbal communications have a huge impact on how the listeners respond because gestures express as much as or more than words. The speaker must be acutely aware of his body language and that of his audience because if he crosses his arms it could indicate defensiveness or disinterest. The speaker may clench or wring his hands can indicate tension, strong disagreement or feelings of pressure. If the speaker begins to tap his fingers on the podium or looking at his watch can show boredom or impatience. Eye contact, or lack of it, can cause a listener to feel ignored; too much might cause the listener to feel self-conscious or threatened. Facial expressions can reflect honesty, friendliness, guilt, happiness, sadness, fear and many other feelings. Unlike verbal sentences, facial expressions can express the entire message in an instant. â€Å"In contrast to other closed-class expressions, demonstratives are universal, they are generally so old that their roots are not etymologically analyzable, they are among the earliest words that children learn, and they are closely tied to a particular gesture. (Diessel, Holger, 2006). This statement by Diessel and Holger emphasizes how ingrained demonstrative communication is in language. Demonstrative communication is a vital part of the communication process. By understanding the importance of demonstrative communication the sender can then determine his effectiveness when communicating with others. The sender then can ascertain if his messag e is effective or ineffective and positively or negatively received. The receiver’s demonstrative communication also informs the sender how the message is decoded. Using the indicators of demonstrative communication the sender can then tailor his message because if he realizes the message is becoming ineffective he can make adjustments to become effective. Likewise, if the message is received negatively adjustments are made to make the message into a positive. References Diessel, Holger. (2006). Demonstratives, joint attention, and the emergence of grammar. Cognitive Linguistics. Vol. 17 Issue 4, p464-465. doi:10. 1515/COG. 2006. 015 University of Phoenix. (2011). Course Syllabus. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, BCOM/275—Business Communication and Critical Thinking course website.